Function words & particles

Pronouns, particles, conjunctions, prepositions and question words that hold sentences together.

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Word list: Function words & particles

Pronouns, particles, conjunctions, prepositions and question words that hold sentences together. Below you'll find all 224 words in simplified characters (with the traditional form where it differs), with pinyin and the English meaning. Click 🔊 to listen to the pronunciation.

Chinese	Traditional	Pinyin	English	HSK
不		bù	no	HSK 1
的		de	indicates possession, like adding 's to a noun	HSK 1
多少		duōshao	how much?	HSK 1
和		hé	and	HSK 1
后面		hòumian	back	HSK 1
会	會	huì	know how to	HSK 1
几	幾	jǐ	how many	HSK 1
了		le	indicates a completed or finished action	HSK 1
里	裡	lǐ	inside	HSK 1
吗	嗎	ma	indicates a yes/no question	HSK 1
没有	沒有	méiyǒu	not have	HSK 1
哪		nǎa	which	HSK 1
哪儿	哪兒	nǎr	where?	HSK 1
那		nà	that	HSK 1
呢		ne	indicates a question	HSK 1
能		néng	can	HSK 1
你		nǐ	you	HSK 1
前面		qiánmiàn	in front	HSK 1
上		shàng	above	HSK 1
谁	誰	shéi	who	HSK 1
什么	什麼	shénme	what?	HSK 1
是		shì	be	HSK 1
他		tā	he	HSK 1
她		tā	she	HSK 1
我		wǒ	I	HSK 1
我们	我們	wǒmen	we	HSK 1
下		xià	fall	HSK 1
有		yǒu	have	HSK 1
在		zài	at	HSK 1
怎么	怎麼	zěnme	how?	HSK 1
怎么样	怎麼樣	zěnmeyàng	how about?	HSK 1
这	這	zhè	this	HSK 1
吧		ba	particle indicating polite suggestion	HSK 2
比		bǐ	compare	HSK 2
别	別	bié	don't do something	HSK 2
从	從	cóng	from	HSK 2
大家		dàjiā	everyone	HSK 2
得		de	(complement particle)	HSK 2
给	給	gěi	to give	HSK 2
过	過	guò	to pass	HSK 2
可以		kěyǐ	can	HSK 2
离	離	lí	leave	HSK 2
您		nín	you	HSK 2
旁边	旁邊	pángbiān	side, beside	HSK 2
让	讓	ràng	ask	HSK 2
虽然	雖然	suīrán	although	HSK 2
但是		dànshì	but	HSK 2
它		tā	it	HSK 2
外		wài	outer	HSK 2
往		wǎng	to go	HSK 2
为什么	為什麼	wèishénme	why?	HSK 2
要		yào	to want	HSK 2
因为	因為	yīnwèi	because	HSK 2
所以		suǒyǐ	so	HSK 2
右边	右邊	yòubian	the right side	HSK 2
着	著	zhe	-ing	HSK 2
左边	左邊	zuǒbian	the left side	HSK 2
啊		a	ah	HSK 3
把		bǎ	(pretransitive particle)	HSK 3
被		bèi	by	HSK 3
比较	比較	bǐjiào	compare	HSK 3
不但		búdàn	not only	HSK 3
而且		érqiě	moreover	HSK 3
除了		chúle	besides	HSK 3
地		dì, de	earth	HSK 3
东	東	dōng	East	HSK 3
根据	根據	gēnjù	according to	HSK 3
跟		gēn	to follow	HSK 3
关于	關於	guānyú	about	HSK 3
还是	還是	háishi	or	HSK 3
或者		huòzhě	or	HSK 3
南		nán	South	HSK 3
其他		qítā	other	HSK 3
起来	起來	qǐlai	to rise	HSK 3
然后		ránhòu	then	HSK 3
如果		rúguǒ	if	HSK 3
为	為	wèi	for	HSK 3
为了	為了	wèile	in order to	HSK 3
西		xī	West	HSK 3
向		xiàng	direction	HSK 3
像		xiàng	be like	HSK 3
一边	一邊	yìbiān	one side	HSK 3
应该	應該	yīnggāi	should	HSK 3
只	隻	zhī, zhǐ	but	HSK 3
只有	隻有	zhǐyǒu	only	HSK 3
才		cái	ability	HSK 3
中间	中間	zhōngjiān	center	HSK 3
自己		zìjǐ	oneself	HSK 3
按照		ànzhào	according to	HSK 4
比如		bǐrú	for example	HSK 4
并且	並且	bìngqiě	and	HSK 4
不得不		bù dé bù	have to	HSK 4
不管		bùguǎn	no matter	HSK 4
不过	不過	búguò	only	HSK 4
不仅	不僅	bùjǐn	not only	HSK 4
成为	成爲	chéngwéi	become	HSK 4
当	當	dāng	should	HSK 4
底		dǐ	bottom	HSK 4
对面	對面	duìmiàn	opposite	HSK 4
对于	對于	duìyú	regarding	HSK 4
而		ér	and	HSK 4
否则	否則	fǒuzé	if not	HSK 4
符合		fúhé	in keeping with	HSK 4
各		gè	each	HSK 4
够	夠	gòu	enough	HSK 4
好像		hǎoxiàng	as if	HSK 4
互相		hùxiāng	mutually	HSK 4
即使		jíshǐ	even if	HSK 4
既然		jìrán	since	HSK 4
继续	繼續	jìxù	to continue	HSK 4
接着	接著	jiēzhe	continue	HSK 4
尽管	盡管	jǐnguǎn	despite	HSK 4
进行	進行	jìnxíng	carry on	HSK 4
可是		kěshì	but	HSK 4
来自	來自	láizì	come from	HSK 4
例如		lìrú	for example	HSK 4
连	連	lián	even	HSK 4
另外		lìngwài	another	HSK 4
难道	難道	nándào	could it be that ...?	HSK 4
内	內	nèi	inside	HSK 4
其次		qícì	next	HSK 4
其中		qízhōng	among	HSK 4
却	卻	què	but	HSK 4
然而		rán'ér	however	HSK 4
任何		rènhé	any	HSK 4
甚至		shènzhì	even	HSK 4
使		shǐ	to use	HSK 4
是否		shìfǒu	whether	HSK 4
首先		shǒuxiān	first	HSK 4
随着	隨著	suízhe	along with	HSK 4
通过	通過	tōngguò	by means of	HSK 4
无	無	wú	have not	HSK 4
无论	無論	wúlùn	no matter what	HSK 4
要是		yàoshi	if	HSK 4
一切		yíqiè	all	HSK 4
以		yǐ	to use	HSK 4
因此		yīncǐ	therefore	HSK 4
由		yóu	follow	HSK 4
由于		yóuyú	due to	HSK 4
于是		yúshì	as a result	HSK 4
与	與	yǔ	and	HSK 4
咱们	咱們	zánmen	we	HSK 4
之		zhī	(pronoun)	HSK 4
只好		zhǐhǎo	have to	HSK 4
只要		zhǐyào	so long as	HSK 4
包括		bāokuò	comprise	HSK 5
彼此		bǐcǐ	each other	HSK 5
不然		bùrán	otherwise	HSK 5
不如		bùrú	not as good as	HSK 5
朝		cháo	to face	HSK 5
趁		chèn	avail oneself of	HSK 5
除非		chúfēi	only if	HSK 5
此外		cǐwài	besides	HSK 5
从而	從而	cóng'ér	thus	HSK 5
反而		fǎn'ér	on the contrary	HSK 5
反正		fǎnzhèng	anyway	HSK 5
仿佛		fǎngfú	to seem as though	HSK 5
非		fēi	non-	HSK 5
各自		gèzì	each	HSK 5
怪不得		guài bu de	no wonder	HSK 5
何必		hébì	why should	HSK 5
何况	何況	hékuàng	let alone	HSK 5
假如		jiǎrú	if	HSK 5
可见	可見	kějiàn	it can clearly be seen that	HSK 5
某		mǒu	a certain	HSK 5
哪怕		nǎpà	even	HSK 5
难怪	難怪	nánguài	no wonder	HSK 5
宁可	甯可	nìngkě	would rather	HSK 5
凭	憑	píng	lean against	HSK 5
其余		qíyú	the others	HSK 5
如何		rúhé	how	HSK 5
似的		shìde	seems as if	HSK 5
说不定	說不定	shuōbudìng	can't say for sure	HSK 5
万一	萬一	wànyī	just in case	HSK 5
勿		wù	not	HSK 5
要不		yàobù	otherwise	HSK 5
一旦		yídàn	in case	HSK 5
以及		yǐjí	as well as	HSK 5
因而		yīn'ér	therefore	HSK 5
与其	與其	yǔqí	rather than	HSK 5
则	則	zé	standard	HSK 5
针对	針對	zhēnduì	in connection with	HSK 5
至于		zhìyú	as for	HSK 5
自从	自從	zìcóng	since	HSK 5
总之	總之	zǒngzhī	in a word	HSK 5
作为	作爲	zuòwéi	regard as	HSK 5
本人		běnrén	I	HSK 6
本身		běnshēn	itself	HSK 6
甭		béng	need not	HSK 6
并非	並非	bìngfēi	really isn't	HSK 6
不顾	不顧	búgù	in spite of	HSK 6
除		chú	besides	HSK 6
大伙儿	大夥兒	dàhuǒr	everyone	HSK 6
而已		éryǐ	that's all	HSK 6
凡是		fánshì	every	HSK 6
反之		fǎnzhī	whereas...	HSK 6
跟前		gēnqián	in front of	HSK 6
固然		gùrán	admittedly	HSK 6
归根到底	歸根到底	guī gēn dào dǐ	to sum it up ...	HSK 6
即便		jíbiàn	even if	HSK 6
鉴于	鑒于	jiànyú	in light of	HSK 6
皆		jiē	all	HSK 6
进而	進而	jìn'ér	and then	HSK 6
况且	況且	kuàngqiě	moreover	HSK 6
啦		la	sentence-final particle: a contraction of 了 and 啊	HSK 6
连同	連同	liántóng	together with	HSK 6
嘛		ma, má	(particle indicating obviousness)	HSK 6
免得		miǎnde	so as not to	HSK 6
宁肯	甯肯	nìngkěn	would rather ...	HSK 6
宁愿	甯願	nìngyuàn	would rather	HSK 6
譬如		pìrú	for example	HSK 6
人家		rénjiā	other people	HSK 6
啥		shá	what	HSK 6
尚且		shàngqiě	yet	HSK 6
倘若		tǎngruò	provided that	HSK 6
依据	依據	yījù	according to	HSK 6
以便		yǐbiàn	so that	HSK 6
以免		yǐmiǎn	so as not to	HSK 6
以至		yǐzhì	down to	HSK 6
以致		yǐzhì	so that	HSK 6
犹如	猶如	yóurú	just as	HSK 6
咋		zǎ	how/why	HSK 6
诸位	諸位	zhūwèi	everyone	HSK 6
总而言之	總而言之	zǒngéryánzhī	in short	HSK 6

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